Glossary
The EMN Glossary – as one of the key products of the EMN - improves comparability by enabling a common understanding and use of terms and definitions relating to asylum and migration. The Glossary draws on a variety of sources, but primarily on the legislation of the EU asylum and immigration acquis, and makes terms available in the majority of EU Member State languages.
The online version is regularly updated and available in various languages.
- BG: гост работник
- CZ: vertimo nėra
- DE: Gastarbeiter
- EE: võõrtöötaja
- EN: guest worker
- ES: trabajador invitado
- FI: vierastyöläinen
- FR: travailleur étranger
- GA: aoi-oibrí
- GR: μετακαλούμενος εργαζόμενος
- HU: vendégmunkás
- IT: lavoratore ospite
- LT: besisvečiuojantis darbuotojas
- LV: viesstrādnieks
- MT: Ħaddiem mistieden
- NL: gastarbeider
- NO: gjestearbeider (b) / gjestearbeidar (n)
- PL: gastarbaiter
- PT: trabalhador convidado
- RO: lucrător vizitator
- SE: gästarbetare
- SK: zahraničný hosťujúci pracovník
- SL: gostujoči delavec
An economic migrant recruited for a restricted time of settlement and employment.
This term is no longer used in the EU context . It was more or less restricted to migration flows in the 1950s and 1960s.
- BG: смесен миграционен поток
- CZ: smíšený migrační tok
- DE: gemischte Wanderungs-/ Migrationsbewegung
- EE: segarändevoog (dažniausiai vartojamo išversto termino nėra)
- EN: mixed migration flow
- ES: flujo migratorio mixto
- FI: erilaisista ryhmistä koostuva muuttovirta
- FR: flux migratoire mixte
- GA: sreabhadh imirce measctha
- HU: vegyes migrációs áramlás
- IT: flusso migratorio misto
- LT: mišrus migracijos srautas
- LV: jauktas migrācijas plūsma
- MT: Fluss migratorju mħallat // Nixxiegħa migratorja mħallta
- NL: gemengde migratiestroom
- NO: blandet migrasjonsstrøm (b) / blanda migrasjonsstraum (n)
- PL: mieszane przepływy migracyjne
- RO: flux de migraţie mixtă
- SE: blandade migrationsströmmar
- SK: zmiešané migračné toky
- SL: mešani migracijski tok
Complex migratory population movement including refugees , asylum-seekers, economic migrants and other types of migrants as opposed to migratory population movements that consist entirely of one category of migrants.
- BG: миграция
- CZ: migrace
- DE: Migration
- EE: ränne
- EN: migration
- ES: migración
- FI: muuttoliike / siirtolaisuus
- FR: migration
- GA: imirce
- GR: μετανάστευση
- HU: migráció
- IT: migrazione
- LT: migracija
- LV: migrācija
- MT: Migrazzjoni
- NL: migratie
- NO: migrasjon
- PL: migracja
- PT: migração
- RO: migraţie
- SE: migration
- SK: migrácia
- SL: migracija
In the EU context, the action by which a person either:
(i) establishes their usual residence in the territory of an EU Member State for a period that is, or is expected to be, of at least 12 months, having previously been usually resident in another EU Member State or a third country; or
(ii) having previously been usually resident in the territory of an EU Member State, ceases to have their usual residence in that EU Member State for a period that is, or is expected to be, of at least 12 months.
2. The International Organization for Migration (IOM) defines migration as follows: 'movement of a person or a group of persons, either across an international border (international migration), or within a state (internal migration), encompassing any kind of movement of people, whatever its length, composition and causes'. This broad definition covers all forms of migration (voluntrary/forced migration, internal/international migration, long-term/short-term migration), different motives for migration (migration because of political persecution, conflicts, economic problems, environmental degradation or a combination of these reasons or migration in search of better economic conditions or conditions of survival or well-being, or other motives such as familiy reunfication) and irrespective of the means used to migrate (legal/irregular migration). Thus it includes migration of refugees, displaced persons, economic migrants and persons moving for other purposes, including family reunification.
3. Under the UN, the definition 'movements for shorter periods' would not be considered migration.
- BG: иконимически мигрант
- CZ: ekonomický migrant
- DE: Migrant aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen / Wirtschaftsmigrant
- EE: majandusmigrant
- EN: economic migrant
- ES: persona migrante por motivos económicos
- FI: taloudellisten syiden vuoksi muuttava henkilö
- FR: migrant économique
- GA: imirceach eacnamaíoch
- GR: οικονομικός μετανάστης
- HU: gazdasági migráns
- IT: migrante economico
- LT: ekonominis migrantas
- LV: ekonomiskais migrants
- MT: Migrant(a) għal raġunijiet ekonomiċi
- NL: economische migrant
- NO: økonomisk migrant
- PL: migrant ekonomiczny
- PT: migrante económico
- RO: migrant economic
- SE: ekonomisk migrant
- SK: ekonomický migrant
- SL: ekonomski migrant
A person who leaves their country of origin purely for economic reasons that are not in any way related to the refugee definition, in order to seek material improvements in their livelihood.
2. Economic migrants are sometimes referred to as economic refugees, but this is a misuse of the term 'refugee'.